Development of nuclear energy in Russia

The technical efficiency of our nuclear power plants and the high professionalism of their personnel guarantee the safe and faultless functioning of such a complex technological organism as the nuclear industry of Russia.

The development prospects of the nuclear industry of Russia are specified by the federal target program "Development of Nuclear Industry of Russia in 2007-2010 and -2015" and other documents.

This program says that by 2025 the share of nuclear power plants in the total electricity production in Russia should be increased from 16% to 25% and that 26 new reactors should be built during the period.

The following projects are underway for the moment:

• Rostov NPP, 2^nd unit, to be launched in 2009;
• Kalinin NPP, 4^th unit, 2011;
• Beloyarsk NPP, 4 ^th unit (BN-800), 2012;
• Novovoronezh NPP-2, 1 ^st ad 2^nd units, 2012 and 2013, respectively; 
• Leningrad NPP-2, 1^st and 2^nd units, 2013 and 2014, respectively.
• The process of selection of sites for Seversk NPP (Tomsk region), Central NPP (Kostroma region), Baltic NPP (Kaliningrad region), South Ural NPP (Chelyabinsk region) is near completion.

Among the scientific-technical achievements of Energoatom Concern is at least two projects of strategic importance: NPP-2006 and floating NPP.

Floating NPP – floating nuclear power plant is a flush decked non-self-propelled ship with two KLT-40S reactors manufactured by Nizhniy Novgorod Machine Building Plant. The length of the vessel is 144 meters, the width – 30 meters, the tonnage – 21,500 tons.

Floating NPP can be used for production of electric and thermal energy and can desalinate water (from 40,000 to 240,000 cubic meters of fresh water).

The electric capacity of each reactor is 35MW, thermal capacity is 140 Gcal. The service life is 38 years (3 12-year cycles with repairs in between). Floating NPPs are good for remote regions where it is economically inexpedient to build power transmission lines, deliver organic fuel or build big NPPs.   

The construction of the first such plant was started in Severodvonsk. In the summer 2008 the construction was transferred to Baltiyskiy Zavod in St.Petersburg. The reactors for the plant are being designed by Afrikantov OKBM. The first plants will be stationed in Pevek (Chukotka) and Viluchinsk (Kamchatka). The first NPP is to be launched in 2011. Presently, Energoatom Concern are working on new generation of floating NPPs with a capacity of 300-400MW.

NPP-2006 project – experts say that it will be an evolutionary step in the history of Russia’s nuclear industry. The goal of the project is economic efficiency and guaranteed safety. NPP-2006 is based on the best national experience of reactor building. It combines active and passive safety systems based on innovative technologies. The core of the project is WWER-1000 (water-water energy reactor, pressurized water reactor, 1000 MW), which has been successfully operated for two decades in Russia, Ukraine and some other countries. The new technical solutions applied under this project are supposed to enhance the efficiency and capacity of the reactor. The electric capacity of this reactor is 1150MW, which means that it will be able to produce 15% more energy than WWWER-1000, the service life is 50 years. The new reactors will be built at Novovoronezh NPP-2 and Leningrad NPP-2. The first NPP-2006 reactor is to be launched in 2012.

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