The Decree ruled that Rosenergoatom, Joint-Stock Company State-Owned Enterprise (SOE) was a state-owned enterprise that independently and through outsourcing is engaged in all stages of the life cycle of nuclear plants, as regards selection of construction sites, project design, construction, commissioning, operation, decommissioning, and other operating functions.

The same Decree ruled that the assets of nuclear plants currently in operation, under construction, in project design phase, or abandoned, are owned by the Federal Government and assigned to Rosenergoatom SOE, who is fully in charge and control of them. The idea was to use Rosenergoatom  SOE as a platform to integrate all nuclear plants, which under the Decree had received the exclusive rights of self-governed business units.

During the 1990s, one of the main tasks facing Rosenergoatom SOE was to overcome the transition difficulties and, first and foremost, to resolve the problem of non-payments for the energy supplied by NPPs.

In accordance with the Federal Government Directive No. 1207-r of September 8, 2001, starting on April 1, 2002, with the intention to improve operating efficiency at nuclear plants, Rosenergoatom SOE was reorganized into a generating company (Rosenergoatom FSUE) by merging with all nuclear plants, both in operation and under construction.

Apart from its functions as an operator, this entity was able to act independently on the power market, and sell power generated by the nuclear plants to solvent users.

To assist further development of the nuclear power industry and to restructure the nuclear power complex in Russia, as instructed by Presidential Decree No. 556 of April 27, 2007, the Federal Government issued Resolution No. 319 of May 26, 2007, under which Atomenergoprom JSC was incorporated in July 2007, of which Rosatom State Corporation is the sole stockholder.

By Directive No. 1235-r of the Federal Agency for State Property Management of August 11, 2008, Rosenergoatom  FSUE was reorganized to Energoatom OJSC, which surrendered 100% of its stock to Atomenergoprom OJSC.

By Federal Government Resolution No. 1307-r of September 14, 2009, the became entitled to use the word “Russian” in its corporate name. In November 2009, the sole stockholder of Energoatom  OJSC decided to add modifications into the Rosenergoatom Articles of Incorporation, related to its new name: Russian for Production of Electric and Thermal Energy at Nuclear Power Plants (Rosenergoatom OJSC).

In 2011, Rosatom State Corporation became another stockholder of Rosenergoatom JSC, together with Atomenergoprom JSC.